وَلَا تَكُونُوا۟ كَٱلَّذِينَ
خَرَجُوا۟ مِن دِيَـٰرِهِم
بَطَرًا وَرِئَآءَ ٱلنَّاسِ
وَيَصُدُّونَ عَن
سَبِيلِ ٱللَّهِ ۚ وَٱللَّهُ
بِمَا يَعْمَلُونَ مُحِيطٌ
وَإِذْ زَيَّنَ لَهُمُ
ٱلشَّيْطَـٰنُ أَعْمَـٰلَهُمْ
وَقَالَ لَا غَالِبَ
لَكُمُ ٱلْيَوْمَ مِنَ
ٱلنَّاسِ وَإِنِّى جَارٌ
لَّكُمْ ۖ فَلَمَّا تَرَآءَتِ
ٱلْفِئَتَانِ نَكَصَ عَلَىٰ
عَقِبَيْهِ وَقَالَ إِنِّى
بَرِىٓءٌ مِّنكُمْ إِنِّىٓ
أَرَىٰ مَا لَا تَرَوْنَ
إِنِّىٓ أَخَافُ ٱللَّهَ ۚ وَٱللَّهُ
شَدِيدُ ٱلْعِقَابِ
إِذْ يَقُولُ ٱلْمُنَـٰفِقُونَ
وَٱلَّذِينَ فِى قُلُوبِهِم
مَّرَضٌ غَرَّ هَـٰٓؤُلَآءِ
دِينُهُمْ ۗ وَمَن يَتَوَكَّلْ
عَلَى ٱللَّهِ فَإِنَّ
ٱللَّهَ عَزِيزٌ حَكِيمٌ
And be not like
those who come
out of their homes
boastfully and to be
seen of men, and
hinder (men) from
the path of Allah;
and Allah is Muhit
(eneompassing and
thoroughly
comprehending) all
that they do. And
(remember) when
Shaytan made their
(evil) deeds seem
fair to them and
said, “No one of
mankind can
overcome you this
day (of the battle
of Badr) and verily,
I am your neighbor
(for each and every
help).” But when
the two forces came
in sight of each other,
he ran away and
said “Verily, I have
nothing to do with
you. Verily, I see
what you see not.
Verily, I fear Allah
for Allah is severe
in punishment.”
When the hypocrites
and those in whose
hearts was a disease
(of disbelief) said:
“These people
(Muslims)
are deceived by
their religion.”
But whoever puts
his trust in Allah,
then surely, Allah is
All-Mighty, All-Wise.
The Idolators leave Makkah, heading for Badr
After Allah commanded the believers to fight in His cause sincerely and to be mindful of Him, He commanded not to imitate the idolators, who went out of their homes
بَطَراً
boastfully
to suppress the truth,
وَرِئَآءَ النَّاسِ
and to be seen of men
boasting arrogantly with people. When Abu Jahl was told that the caravan escaped safely, so they should return to Makkah, he commented, “No, by Allah! We will not go back until we proceed to the well of Badr, slaughter camels, drink alcohol and female singers sing to us. This way, the Arabs will always talk about our stance and what we did on that day.” However, all of this came back to haunt Abu Jahl, because when they proceeded to the well of Badr, they brought themselves to death; and in the aftermath of Badr, they were thrown in the well of Badr, dead, disgraced, humiliated, despised and miserable in an everlasting, eternal torment. This is why Allah said here,
وَاللَّهُ بِمَا
يَعْمَلُونَ مُحِيطٌ
and Allah is Muhit (encompassing and thoroughly comprehending) all that they do
He knows how and what they came for, and this is why He made them taste the worst punishment. Ibn `Abbas, Mujahid, Qatadah, Ad-Dahhak and As-Suddi commented on Allah’s statement,
وَلاَ تَكُونُواْ
كَالَّذِينَ خَرَجُواْ
مِن دِيَـرِهِم
بَطَراً وَرِئَآءَ النَّاسِ
And be not like those who come out of their homes boastfully and to be seen of men
“They were the idolators who fought against the Messenger of Allah at Badr.” Muhammad bin Ka`b said, “When the Quraysh left Makkah towards Badr, they brought female singers and drums along. Allah revealed this verse,
وَلاَ تَكُونُواْ
كَالَّذِينَ خَرَجُواْ
مِن دِيَـرِهِم بَطَراً
وَرِئَآءَ النَّاسِ
وَيَصُدُّونَ عَن
سَبِيلِ اللَّهِ وَاللَّهُ
بِمَا يَعْمَلُونَ مُحِيطٌ
And be not like those who come out of their homes boastfully and to be seen of men, and hinder (men) from the path of Allah; and Allah is Muhit (encompassing and thoroughly comprehending) all that they do
Shaytan makes Evil seem fair and deceives the Idolators
Allah said next,
وَإِذْ زَيَّنَ لَهُمُ
الشَّيْطَـنُ أَعْمَـلَهُمْ
وَقَالَ لاَ غَالِبَ لَكُمُ
الْيَوْمَ مِنَ النَّاسِ
وَإِنِّي جَارٌ لَّكُمْ
And (remember) when Shaytan made their (evil) deeds seem fair to them and said, “No one of mankind can overcome you today and verily, I am your neighbor.”
Shaytan, may Allah curse him, made the idolators’ purpose for marching seem fair to them. He made them think that no other people could defeat them that day. He also ruled out the possibility that their enemies, the tribe of Bani Bakr, would attack Makkah, saying, “I am your neighbor.” Shaytan appeared to them in the shape of Suraqah bin Malik bin Ju`shum, the chief of Bani Mudlij, so that, as Allah described them,
يَعِدُهُمْ وَيُمَنِّيهِمْ
وَمَا يَعِدُهُمْ
الشَّيْطَـنُ إِلاَّ غُرُوراً
He (shaytan) makes promises to them, and arouses in them false desires; and Shaytan’s promises are nothing but deceptions (An-Nisa 120).
Ibn Jurayj said that Ibn `Abbas commented on Al-Anfal 48 “On the day of Badr, Shaytan, as well as, his flag holder and soldiers, accompanied the idolators. He whispered to the hearts of the idolators, `None can defeat you today! I am your neighbor.’ When they met the Muslims and Shaytan witnessed the angels coming to their aid,
نَكَصَ عَلَى عَقِبَيْهِ
he ran away
he went away in flight while proclaiming,
إِنِّي أَرَى مَا لاَ تَرَوْنَ
Verily, I see what you see not.”
`Ali bin Abi Talhah said, that Ibn `Abbas said about this Ayat
لاَ غَالِبَ لَكُمُ
الْيَوْمَ مِنَ النَّاسِ
وَإِنِّي جَارٌ لَّكُمْ
“No one of mankind can overcome you today and verily, I am your neighbor’
“Shaytan, as well as, his devil army and flag holders, came on the day of Badr in the shape of a Suraqah bin Malik bin Ju`shum, man from Bani Mudlij, Shaytan said to idolators, `None will defeat you this day, and I will help you.’ When the two armies stood face to face, the Messenger of Allah took a handful of sand and threw it at the faces of the idolators, causing them to retreat. Jibril, peace be upon him, came towards Shaytan, but when Shaytan, while holding the hand of a Mushrik man, saw him, he withdrew his hand and ran away with his soldiers. That man asked him, `O Suraqah! You claimed that you are our neighbor’ He said,
إِنِّي أَرَى مَا لاَ
تَرَوْنَ إِنِّي أَخَافُ اللَّهَ
وَاللَّهُ شَدِيدُ الْعِقَابِ
Verily, I see what you see not. Verily, I fear Allah for Allah is severe in punishment
Shaytan said this when he saw the angels.”
The Position of the Hypocrites in Badr
Allah said next,
إِذْ يَقُولُ الْمُنَـفِقُونَ
وَالَّذِينَ فِي قُلُوبِهِم
مَّرَضٌ غَرَّ هَـؤُلاءِ دِينُهُمْ
When the hypocrites and those in whose hearts was a disease (of disbelief) said: “These people (Muslims) are deceived by their religion.”
`Ali bin Abi Talhah said that Ibn `Abbas commented, “When the two armies drew closer to each other, Allah made the Muslims look few in the eyes of the idolators and the idolators look few in the eyes of the Muslims. The idolators said,
غَرَّ هَـؤُلاءِ دِينُهُمْ
These people (Muslims) are deceived by their religion
because they thought that Muslims were so few. They believed, without doubt, that they would defeat the Muslims. Allah said,
وَمَن يَتَوَكَّلْ
عَلَى اللَّهِ فَإِنَّ
اللَّهَ عَزِيزٌ حَكِيمٌ
But whoever puts his trust in Allah, then surely, Allah is All-Mighty, All-Wise
Qatadah commented, “They saw a group of believers who came in defense of Allah’s religion. We were informed that when he saw Muhammad and his Companions, Abu Jahl said, `By Allah! After this day, they will never worship Allah!’ He said this in viciousness and transgression.” `Amir Ash-Sha`bi said, “Some people from Makkah were considering embracing Islam, but when they went with the idolators to Badr and saw how few the Muslims were, they said,
غَرَّ هَـؤُلاءِ دِينُهُمْ
These people (Muslims) are deceived by their religion
Allah said next,
وَمَن يَتَوَكَّلْ عَلَى اللَّهِ
But whoever puts his trust in Allah
and relies on His grace,
فَإِنَّ اللَّهَ عَزِيزٌ
then surely, Allah is All-Mighty
and verily, those who take His side (in the dispute) are never overwhelmed, for His side is mighty, powerful and His authority is All-Great,
حَكِيمٌ
All-Wise
in all His actions, for He places everything in its rightful place, giving victory to those who deserve it and defeat to those who deserve it.